==== Middle Section Examples ====

See:
[[Observations from the Author on three-step sparring#MiddleSection|Middle section explanation from Author]]

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance outer forearm obverse side block
and then a middle punch with the right fist.

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance knife-hand obverse side block and
then a high punch with the left fist.

----

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance back hand obverse side block and
then a high punch with the right fist.

----

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance back hand reverse side block, and
then a high punch with the right fist.

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance reverse knife-hand obverse side
block, and then a middle punch with the right fist.

X: Walking stance middle reverse punch.
Y: Walking stance inner forearm reverse side block,
and then a low front snap kick with the right foot.

----

X: Walking stance middle reverse punch.
Y: Walking stance knife-hand reverse side block, and
then a middle front snap kick with the right foot.

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: L-stance inner forearm outward block, and then a
low front snap kick with the left foot.

----

X: L-stance middle reverse punch.
Y: Walking stance outer forearm reverse side block, and
then a middle punch with the right fist.

----

X: L-stance middle reverse punch.
Y: L-stance outer forearm outward block, and then a
high punch with the right fist while forming a left
walking stance, slipping the left foot.

X: L-stance knife-hand middle outward strike.
Y: L-stance forearm guarding block, and then a
middle punch with the right fist while forming a
right fixed stance, slipping the right foot.

X: Walking stance back fist high side strike.
Y: L-stance knife-hand outward block, and then a
middle punch with the right fist while forming a
right fixed stance, slipping the right foot.

----

X: L-stance middle reverse punch.
Y: L-stance reverse knife-hand outward block, and
then a low side piercing kick with the left foot.

X: L-stance middle reverse punch.
Y: L-stance palm inward block, and then a low side
piercing kick with the left foot.

----

X: Fixed stance middle punch.
Y: Walking stance back hand reverse side block, and then
a low side piercing kick with the right foot.

----

X: Fixed stance middle punch.
Y: L-stance outer forearm inward block, and then a
middle side piercing kick with the left foot.

----

X: Sitting stance knife-hand middle side strike.
Y: L-stance knife-hand guarding block, and then a
middle punch with the left long fist while forming a
right walking stance, slipping the left foot.

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: Fixed stance knife-hand outward block, and then a
low front snap kick with the right knee.

----

X: L-stance knife-hand middle outward strike.
Y: L-stance twin forearm block, and then a middle
punch with the left fist while forming a right fixed
stance, slipping the right foot.

X: Walking stance middle obverse punch.
Y: L-stance knife-hand inward block, and then a
middle punch with the right fist while forming a left
walking stance, slipping the left foot.

----

X: Sitting stance knife-hand middle side strike.
Y: L-stance twin knife-hand block and then a middle
punch with the right fist while forming a right fixed
stance, slipping the right foot.

----

==== High and Low Section Examples ====

See:
[[Observations from the Author on three-step sparring#HighSection|High and low section explanation from Author]]

X: Walking stance high obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance forearm obverse rising block
then middle reverse punch with the right fist.

X: Walking stance high reverse punch.
Y: Walking stance forearm reverse rising block, and
then a middle obverse punch with the right fist.

X: Walking stance high obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance knife-hand obverse rising block,
and then a high reverse punch with the right fist.

----

X: Walking stance high obverse punch.
Y: Walking stance knife-hand reverse rising block,
and then a high obverse punch with the right fist.

X: Walking stance high obverse punch.
Y: L-stance forearm reverse rising block, and then a
low side front snap kick with the left foot.

----

X: Walking stance high reverse punch.
Y: L-stance knife-hand reverse rising block, and then
a high punch with the right fist while forming a left walking stance,
slipping the left foot.

----

X: Walking stance high reverse punch.
Y: Rear foot stance knife-hand reverse rising block
and then strike with the right front elbow while
forming a left walking stance, slipping the left foot.

----

X: Walking stance high reverse punch.

Y: Fixed stance forearm rising block, and then a
middle reverse punch with the right fist while
forming a left walking stance, slipping the right
foot.

X: Walking stance high obverse punch.
Y: Rear foot stance forearm reverse rising block, and
then a middle punch with the left fist while forming
a right L-stance, slipping the right foot.

----

X: Low front snap kick to the lower abdomen.
Y: Walking stance forearm low obverse block, and
then a middle punch with the right fist.

X: Low front snap kick to the lower abdomen.
Y: Walking stance forearm low reverse block and then
a high punch with the right fist.

X: Low front snap kick to the groin area.
Y: Walking stance knife-hand low obverse outward
block, and then a low front snap kick with the left
foot.

----

X: Low front snap kick to the lower abdomen.
Y: Walking stance X-fist pressing block, and then a
low front snap kick with the left instep.

X: Low front snap kick to the lower abdomen.
Y: L-stance forearm low reverse block, and then a
middle thrust with the right straight fingertip
while forming a left walking stance, slipping the
right foot.

----

X: Low front snap kick to the groin area.
Y: Walking stance knife-hand low reverse outward
block, and then a low front snap kick with the left
knee.

----

X: Low front snap kick to the groin area.
Y: L-stance knife-hand reverse low outward block,
and then a middle punch while forming a left
walking stance, slipping the left foot.

X: Middle front snap kick to the solar plexus.
Y: L-stance palm upward block, and then a knife-hand
side strike while forming a sitting stance,
piviting with the right foot.

----

X: Low front snap kick to the groin area.
Y: Walking stance circular block with an inner forearm,
and then a middle punch with the right fist while
forming a left L-stance, piviting with the left foot.

----

X: Low side piercing kick to the lower abdomen.
Y: Walking stance X-fist pressing block, and then a
high side piercing kick with the left foot.

Suggested combinations for three-step sparring

2026-04-19T22:39:37Z

Haydn:

Observations from the Author on three-step sparring

2026-04-19T22:29:22Z

Haydn:

From my travel around the world, I have observed so many
students who incorrectly measure the distance between partners for
three step sparring. The following illustrates two most common
incorrect methods of measurement and explains why they are of no
scientific basis. Remember this unscientific way of measurement
not only hinders the proper delvelopment of basic techniques and
good posture, but creates bad habits which are difficult to correct as
the student progresses.

====<span id="MiddleSection"></span> Middle Section ====

<images to be inserted below...>

One full arm length method

Correct punch with a walking stance

This illustrates how far the punch reaches through the opponent,
passing the actual point of focus.

The defender is forced to bend the elbow severely to intercept the
opponents forearm.

Or the defender must lean the body backward in order to perform a proper block.

----

Two full arms length method.

Correct punch with a walking stance.

The fist cannot reach the target.

The defender cannot intercept the opponents forearm even with a straight arm.

The defender is forced to lean the body forward in order to perform a correct block.

----

====<span id="HighSection"></span> High Section ====

The samples of three step sparring presented in
the foregoing pages are strictly based on the
principles. However neither a low block nor rising
block can be performed correctly by the same
distance between X and Y, for the blocking tool
generally forms a vertical line with the knee
instead of the toes causing that much gap from
the knee to toes at the moment of block as shown
in the illustrations.

As a result, the distance must be adjusted to
perform a correct attack and defence.

<< IMAGES TO BE INSERTED >>

INCORRECT

1. Bodies are leaning forward.

2. Knees of the front legs are
bent too much.

X and Y stand facing each other at a distance of about
one and a half feet instead of a full length of stance to be
taken.

Correct attacks and blocks are performed.

Observations from the Author on three-step sparring

2026-04-19T22:22:33Z

Haydn:

Suggested combinations for three-step sparring

2026-04-19T22:20:10Z

Haydn: Created page with "==== Middle Section Examples ==== See: Middle section explanation from Author X: Walking stance middle obverse punch. Y: Walking stance outer forearm obverse side block and then a middle punch with the right fist. X: Walking stance middle obverse punch. Y: Walking stance knife-hand obverse side block and then a high punch with the left fist. ---- X: Walking stance middle obverse punch. Y: Walki..."

Observations from the Author on three-step sparring

2026-04-19T21:20:13Z

Haydn: Created page with "From my travel around the world, I have observed so many students who incorrectly measure the distance between partners for three step sparring. The following illustrates two most common incorrect methods of measurement and explains why they are of no scientific basis. Remember this unscientific way of measurement not only hinders the proper delvelopment of basic techniques and good posture, but creates bad habits which are difficult to correct as the student progresses..."

Vol05:index

2026-04-17T05:01:54Z

Haydn:

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Mokcha)

[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#The Tenets of Taekwon-Do|Tenets of Taekwon-Do (Taekwon-Do Jungshin)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Explanation of Tenets|Explanation of Tenets]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Courtesy|Courtesy (Ye Ui)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Integrity|Integrity (Yom Chi)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Perseverence|Perseverence (In Nae)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Self-Control|Self-Control (Guk Gi)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Indomitable Spirit|Indomitable Spirit (Baekjul Boolgool)]]
[[Sparring]]
[[Prearranged Sparring]]
[[Three-Step Sparring]]
[[Observations from the Author on three-step sparring]]
[[Suggested combinations for three-step sparring]]
[[Self-Defense Techniques|Self-Defence Techniques (Hosin Sul)]]
[[Throwing and Falling Techniques|Throwing and Falling Techniques (Dunjigi wa Torojigi)]]
[[Defence Against an Armed Opponent|Defence Against an Armed Opponent (Dae Moogi)]]
Index
[[Synopsis|Synopsis]]

Three-Step Sparring

2026-04-17T05:01:06Z

Haydn:

== A. THREE-STEP SPARRING (Sambo Matsogi) ==

This is the initial basic sparring exercise among beginners
usually from the ninth grade to the sixth grade.

This is an exercise for familiarization of correct attack and
defense techniques utilizing mainly the hand parts against middle
and high, the foot parts against low targets while stepping forward
and backward. There are two methods of practice: one way and two
way.

1. One Way (Han Chok)
The attack is executed only while stepping forward, and the
defense while stepping backward.

2. Two Way (Yang Chok)
Both the attack and defense are executed while stepping either
forward or backward.
Both of them can be practised either alone or with companion.

The following principles should be observed to perform a logical
attack and defense with correct stance and posture.

1. The exercise should be conducted against an attacker whose
height is the same as the defender.

2. If the height is not the same, the stance must be adjusted, e.g. the
taller takes an L-stance while the shorter, a walking stance.

3. Exercise must be conducted alone if the height differs
considerably.

* Three-step sparring in this volume shows only middle attack and
defense except for low kick and rising block to avoid unnecessary
repetition.

A student should familiarise himself equally with high attack and
defense.

----

'''Direction Diagram (Bang Hyang Pyo)'''

<diagram image here>

The exercise is conducted under the assumption that the players
(X and Y) stand on line AB facing each other.

X and Y are required to stance at an appropriate distance apart
because it is necessary for both practitioners to take full, natural steps
to correctly perform the attack and block.

'''Walking Stance Middle Punch and Block'''

The attacker's foot should overlap with the front half or quarter of the
outer or inner part of the defender’s foot in most cases.

Front punch

The fist forms a vertical line with the toes at the moment of impact.

Forearm side block

As in the case of front punch the
fist forms a vertical line with the
toes at the moment of block.

----

The point of focus is correctly attacked when the attacker's foot overlaps the front half of the
opponent's foot.

The punch is far from the point of focus which is about one centimetre inside the target due to the fact that the attackers foot does not overlap the defenders foot.

Forearms are not intercepted due to the same reason mentioned above.

INCORRECT
The attackers body is leaning forward.

INCORRECT
The defenders body is leaning forward.

Correct block is performed with the same reason mentioned above.

----

Knife-hand side block

The block is made at the correct portion when the attackers foot is overlapped the front quarter of the defenders foot.

Walking Stance High Punch and Block.

The attackers foot should be aligned or overlapped with the front half of the defenders foot with rare exceptions.

Front punch

Forearm side block

Knife-hand side block

----

Knife-hand

Correct portion is Mocked when the
attackers foot is overlapped with the front
half of the defenders foot.

Forearm

Forearms are properly intercepted when
the attackers foot is aligned with the
defenders foot.

Reverse punch

Forearm

L-Stance Middle Punch and Block

Correct block is made when the attackers
foot is overlaps the front half of the defenders foot.

----

Relative Foot Positions of Practitioners (X and Y)

In three step sparring the proper position of the foot is
considered to be the primary importance for the student to familiarize
himself with the correct stance as well as accurate attack and
defense.

As shown below the position of attackers foot varies according
to the stance to be used.

A. With walking stance

The attacker should place the foot on the outside of the
defenders foot for the first and third steps, and inside for the
second step.

----

INCORRECT
The attackers stances become too wide except the first step as all steps are on the outside of the defenders foot.

INCORRECT
The attackers stances become too narrow as all steps are on the inside of the defenders foot.

----

B. With L-stance.

The attackers foot should be placed on the inside of the defenders foot for the first and third steps and outside for the second step.

INCORRECT

Attackers stances are awkward except the first step as the second step is on the inside of the defenders foot.

----
INCORRECT

Attackers stances become too wide because all steps
are on the outside of the defenders foot.

C. With L-stance and walking stance

L-stance should always be on the inside of the defenders
foot, and walking stance on the outside.

----

=== Typical Procedure of Three-Step Sparring ===

==== A. Without Companion ====

===== One way =====
====== X as an attacker ======

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready (sambo matsoki junbi)”:
Move the right foot to A from an attention stance to form a left
walking stance toward B while executing a low block to B with the left
forearm, shouting "Ya" as a ready signal.

2. At the command of “commence (si jak)":
i. Move the right foot to B to form a right walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the right fist.

ii. Move the left foot to B to form a left walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

iii. Repeat i above

3. At the command of "stop (gumahn)”:

Bring the right foot, forming a parallel ready stance toward B.

As an attacker

As a defender

----

====== X as a Defender ======

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

Shout “Ya" as a ready signal while maintaining a parallel ready stance
toward B.

2. At the command of “commence":

i. Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B while
executing a low block to B with the left forearm.

ii. Move the left foot to A forming a right walking stance toward
B wile executing a low block to B with the right forearm.

iii. Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B while
executing a low block to B with the left forearm, and then punch to B
with the right fist maintaining the same stance toward B.

3. At the command of "stop":
Bring the right foot back to a parallel ready stance toward B.

Previous Posture

----

===== Two Way =====

====== X as an attacker ======

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

Move the right foot to A from an attention stance, forming a left
walking stance toward B while executing a low block to B with the left
forearm shouting “Ya” as a ready signal.

2. At the command of “commence”:
i. Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the right fist.

ii. Move the left foot to B to form a left walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

iii. Repeat i above.

3. At the command of “continue (kesok)":

i. Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

ii. Move the left foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the right fist.

iii. Repeat i above.

4. At the comand of “stop":

Bring the right foot, forming a parallel ready stance toward B

----

====== X as a Defender ======

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

Move the left foot to C from an attention stance toward B to form a
parallel ready stance shouting "Ya" as a ready signal.

2. At the command of "commence":

i. Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B while
executing a side block to B with the left forearm.

ii. Move the left foot to A to form a right walking stance toward B while
executing a side block to B with the right forearm.

iii. Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B while
executing a side block to B with the left forearm, and then punch to B
with the right fist while maintaining the same stance toward B.

3. At the command of “continue”:

i. Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B while
executing a side block to B with the right forearm.

ii. Move the left foot to B to form a left walking stance toward B while
executing a side block to B with the left forearm.

iii. Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B while
executing side block to B with the right forearm, and then punch to B
with the left fist while maintaining the same stance toward B.

4. At the command of "stop":
Bring the right foot to form a parallel ready stance toward B.

----

==== B. With Companion of the Same Height ====

i. X and Y take an attention stance respectively facing each other, and then
exchange bows.

ii. X and Y stand at a distance of full length of stance to be used. The
attackers foot should overlap with the front half of the outer part of the
defenders foot.

iii. The attackers foot is brought back to an attention stance after measuring
the distance to be used.

X: Measuring for correct distance

----

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

X: Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B while
executing a low block to B with the left forearm.

Y: Take a parallel ready stance toward A, moving the left foot to D.

Both X and Y will shout “Ya” as a ready signal.

2. At the command of “commence”:

i. X: move the right foot to B to form a right walking stance toward B while punching to B with the right fist.
Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left walking stance toward A while executing a side block to A with the left inner forearm.

ii. X: Move the left foot to B, forming a left walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.
Y: Move the left foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the right inner forearm.

iii. X: Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the right fist.
Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the left inner forearm, and then
execute a middle punch to A with the right fist, maintaining the
same stance toward A.

3. At the command of “stop":
Both X and Y bring the right foot respectively forming a parallel ready
stance.

----

'''X and Y now switch roles'''

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":
Y: Move the right foot to B from a parallel ready stance, forming a left
walking stance toward A while executing a low block to A with the left
forearm shouting "Ya" as a ready signal.

X: Shout "'Ya" as a ready signal, maintaining a parallel ready stance
toward B.

2. At the command of “commence”:

i. Y: Move the right foot to A to form a right walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the right fist.
X: Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B
while executing a side block to B with the left inner forearm.

ii. Y: Move the left foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward A while
punching to A with the left fist.
X: Move the left foot to A to form a right walking stance toward B at the
same time executing a side block to B with the right inner forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the right fist.
X: Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B
while executing a side block to B with the left inner foreram, and
then execute a middle punch to B with the right fist, maintaining the same stance toward B.

3. At the command of "stop":

Both Y and X bring the right foot respectively back to a parallel ready stance.

----

===== Two Way =====

1. At the command of "three step sparring ready":

X: Move the right foot to A, after measuring the distance, from an
attention stance to form a left walking stance toward B while
executing a low block to B with the left forearm.

Y: Move the left foot to D from an attention stance, forming a parallel
ready stance toward A. Both X and Y will shout "Ya" as a ready
signal.

2. At the command of “commence":

i. X: Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the right fist.

Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the left inner forearm.

ii. X: Move the left foot to B to forma left walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

Y: Move the left foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the right inner forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to B to form a left walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the left inner forearm, and
then execute a middle punch to A with the right fist while
maintaining the same stance toward A.

3. At the command of "continue":

i. X: Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the left fist.

Y: Move the right foot to A to form a right walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the right inner forearm.

ii. X: Move the left foot to A to form a right walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the right fist.

Y: Move the left foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward A
while executing a side Block to A with the left inner forearm.

iii. X: Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the left fist.

Y: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the right inner forearm, and
then execute a middle punch to A with the left fist while
maintaining the same stance toward A.

4. At the command of "stop":

Both X and Y bring the right foot respectively to form a parallel ready stance.

'''X and Y now switch roles'''

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

Y: Move the right foot to B from a parallel ready stance to form a left
walking stance toward A while executing a low block with the left
forearm, shouting "Ya" as a ready signal.

X: Shout "Ya" as a ready signal while maintaining a parallel ready
stance toward B.

2. At the command of "commence":

i. Y: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the right fist.

X: Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B at
the same time executing a side block to B with the left inner
forearm.

ii. Y: Move the left foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward A at
the same time punching to A with the left fist.

X: Move the left foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward B
while executing a side block with the right inner forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to A to form a right walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the right fist.

X: Move the right foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward B
wile executing a side block to B with the left inner forearm, and
then execute a middle punch to B with the right fist while
maintaining a left walking stance toward B.

3. At the command of “continue":
i. Y: Move the right foot to B to form a left walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the left fist.

X: Move the right foot to B to form a right walking stance toward B
while executing a side block to B with the right inner forearm.

ii. Y: Move the left foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward A at
the same time punching to A with the right fist.

X: Move the left foot to B, to form a left walking stance toward B while
executing a side block to B with the left inner forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the left fist.

X: Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B
while executing a side block to B with the right inner forearm, and
then execute a middle punch to B with the left fist while
maintaining the same stance toward B.

4. At the command of "stop":

Both Y and X bring the right foot respectively to form a parallel
ready stance.

----

==== B. With Companion of a Different Height ====

X: Measuring for correct distance

===== One way =====

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

X: Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B
while executing a low block to B with the left forearm, shouting
"Ya" as a ready signal.

Y: Move the left foot to D to form a parallel ready stance toward A,
shouting “Ya” as a ready signal.

2. At the command of "commence":

i. X: Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the right fist.

Y: Move the right foot to B to form a right L-stance toward A while blocking
to A with the left inner forearm.

ii. X: Move the left foot to B to form a left walking stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

Y: Move the left foot to B, forming a left L-stance toward A while
blocking to A with the right inner forearm.

iii. X: Move the right foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward B
while punching to B with the right fist.

Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a right L-stance toward A while
blocking to A with the left inner forearm, and then execute a middle
punch to A with the right fist, maintaining the same stance toward
A.

3. At the command of "stop":

Both X and Y bring the right foot respectively, forming a parallel ready stance.

'''X and Y now switch roles'''

i. The attackers foot should overlap the front quarter of the defenders foot.
ii. The attackers foot is brought back to a parallel ready stance after measuring the distance.

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left walking stance toward A
while executing a low block to A with the left forearm, shouting
“Ya” as a ready signal.

X: Shout “Ya" as a ready signal, maintaining a parallel ready stance
toward B.

2. At the command of "commence”:

Y: Move the right foot to A to form a left L-stance toward A while
punching to A with the right fist.

X: Move the right foot to A, forming left walking stance toward B
while executing a side block to B with the left inner forearm.

ii. Y: Move the left foot to A, forming a right L-stance toward A while
punching to A with the left fist.

X: Move the left foot to A to form a right walking stance toward
B while executing a side block to B with the right inner
forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to A, forming a left L-stance toward A while
punching to A with the right fist.

X: Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B
while executing a side block to B with the left inner forearm, and
then execute a middle punch to B with the right fist while
maintaining the same stance toward B.

3. At the command of “stop":

Both Y and X bring the right foot respectively back to a parallel ready
stance.

Y: Measuring for correct distance

----

===== Two way =====

Y: measuring for correct distance.

1. At the command of "three step sparring ready":

Y: Move the right foot to A to form a left walking stance toward B
while executing a low block to B with the left forearm, shouting
"Ya" as a ready signal.

X: Move the left foot to D to form a parallel ready stance toward A,
shouting “Ya” as a ready signal.

2. At the command of "commence":

i. Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left L-stance
toward B at the same time punching to B with the
right fist.

X: Move the right foot to B to form a left walking
stance toward A while executing a side block to A
with the left inner forearm.

ii. Y: Move the left foot to B, forming a right L-stance
toward B while punching to B with the left fist.

X: Move the left foot to B, forming a right walking
stance toward A while executing a side block to A
with the right inner forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left L-stance
toward B while punching to B with the right fist.

X: Move the right foot to B, forming a left walking
stance toward A while executing a side block to A
with the left inner forearm, and then execute a
middle punch to A with the right fist while
maintaining the same stance toward A.

3. At the command of “continue”:

i. Y: Move the right foot to A, forming a right L-stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

X: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the right inner forearm.

ii. Y: Move the left foot to A to form a left L-stance toward B while
punching to B with the right fist.

X: Move the left foot to A, forming a left walking stance toward A
while executing a side block to A with the left inner forearm.

iii. Y: Move the right foot to A to form a right L-stance toward B while
punching to B with the left fist.

X: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking stance toward A
at the same time executing a side block to A with the right inner
forearm, and then execute a middle punch to A with the left fist
while maintaining a right walking stance toward A.

4. At the command of "stop":

Both Y and X bring the right foot respectively to form a parallel
ready stance.

'''Y and X now switch roles'''

i. The attackers foot should overlap the front half of the
defenders foot.

ii. The attackers foot is brought back to a parallel ready
stance after measuring the distance.

1. At the command of “three step sparring ready":

X: Move the right foot to B to form a left walking
stance toward A while executing a low block to A
with the left forearm, shouting “Ya” as a ready
signal.

Y: Shout "Ya" as a ready signal, maintaining a
parallel ready stance toward B:

X: Measuring for correct distance

2. At the command of "commence":

i. X: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking
stance toward A while punching to A with the
right fist.

Y: Move the right foot to A, forming a right L-stance
toward B while blocking to B with the left inner
forearm.

ii. X: Move the left foot to A to form a left walking
stance toward A while punching to A with the left
fist.

Y: Move the left foot to A, forming a left L-stance
toward B while blocking to B with the right inner
forearm.

iii. X: Move the right foot to A, forming a right walking
stance toward A while punching to A with the left
fist.

Y: Move the right foot to A to form a right L-stance
toward B while blocking to B with the left inner
forearm, and then execute a middle punch to B
with the right fist, maintaining a right L-stance
toward B.

3. At the command of "continue":

i. X: Move the right foot to B to form a left walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the left fist.

Y: Move the right foot to B, forming a left L-stance toward B while
blocking to B with the right inner forearm.

ii. X: Move the left foot to B, forming a right walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the right fist.

Y: Move the left foot to B to form a right T-stance toward B at the
same time blocking to B with the left inner forearm.

iii. X: Move the right foot to B, forming left walking stance toward A
while punching to A with the left fist.

Y: Move the right foot to B to form a left L-stance toward B at the
same time blocking to B with the right inner forearm, and then
execute a middle punch to B with the left fist while maintaining the
same stance toward B.

4. At the command of “stop”:

Both X and Y bring the right foot respectively, forming a parallel
ready stance.

See also:
[[Observations from the Author on three-step sparring]]
[[Suggested combinations for three-step sparring]]

Three-Step Sparring

2026-04-17T03:43:27Z

Haydn:

Three-Step Sparring

2026-04-16T22:02:06Z

Haydn:

2026-04-16T20:22:33Z

Haydn:

== SYSTEM OF SPARRING (Matsogi Goosong) ==

Sparring is classified into prearranged, semi-free, free, foot
technique model and pre-arranged free sparring with the following
sub-catagories.

+-- alone
|
+-- 3-step --+
| |
+-- prearranged ----+-- 2-step +-- with companion
| |
+-- semi-free +-- 1-step
|
| +-- 1:1
| |
sparring --+-- free -----------+-- 1:2
| |
| +-- 2:2
+-- foot technique |
| +-- other combination
|
+-- model +-- 1:1
| |
+-- prearranged free --+-- 1:2
|
+-- 1:3 or more

'''Types of Sparring'''

The following table is to show the appropriate kind of sparring to
be taken by each grade holder, and this can be flexible according to
the progress of each individuals technique.

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto"
|-
| '''10th grade''' || 3-step alone || '''5th grade''' || 1-step, semi-free
|-
| '''9th grade''' || 3-step || '''4th grade''' || semi-free, free
|-
| '''8th grade''' || 3-step || '''3rd grade''' || semi-free, free
|-
| '''7th grade''' || 3-step, 2-step || '''2nd grade''' || free, self-defence techniques
|-
| '''6th grade''' || 2-step, 1-step || '''1st grade''' || free, self-defence techniques
|}

Free sparring 1:2 or more, foot technique sparring and model
sparring are practised among black belt holders.

[[Prearranged Sparring|Prearranged Sparring (Yaksok Matsogi)]]

2026-04-16T04:30:52Z

Haydn: Created page with "== SPARRING (Matsogi) == Sparring is the physical application of attack and defence techniques gained from pattern and fundamental exercise against actual moving opponent or opponents under various situations. It is, therefore, not only indispensable to promote the fighting spirit and courage, to train the eyes, to read the opponents tactic as well as maneuvers, to forge, toughen or develop the attacking and blocking tools, to test his or her own skills and ability, to..."

Vol05:index

2026-04-16T04:27:48Z

Haydn:

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Mokcha)

[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#The Tenets of Taekwon-Do|Tenets of Taekwon-Do (Taekwon-Do Jungshin)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Explanation of Tenets|Explanation of Tenets]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Courtesy|Courtesy (Ye Ui)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Integrity|Integrity (Yom Chi)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Perseverence|Perseverence (In Nae)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Self-Control|Self-Control (Guk Gi)]]
[[The Tenets of Taekwon-Do#Tenet Explanation Indomitable Spirit|Indomitable Spirit (Baekjul Boolgool)]]
[[Sparring]]
[[Self-Defense Techniques|Self-Defence Techniques (Hosin Sul)]]
[[Throwing and Falling Techniques|Throwing and Falling Techniques (Dunjigi wa Torojigi)]]
[[Defence Against an Armed Opponent|Defence Against an Armed Opponent (Dae Moogi)]]
Index
[[Synopsis|Synopsis]]

Additional Techniques: Do-San

2026-04-16T04:07:00Z

Haydn: Created page with "== ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN DO-SAN == Sitting Stance (Annun Sogi) ---- Walking Stance Outer Forearm High Side Block (Gunnun So Bakat Palmok Nopunde Yop Makgi) Front. View Side View * 1. The fist reaches the eye level of the defender. 2. The fist forms a triangle with the shoulders. Top View Baek View ---- Straight Fingertip Thrust (Sun Sonkut Tulgi) Front View Side View ---- Walking Stance Back Fist High Side Strike (Gunnun So Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop..."

== ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN DO-SAN ==

Sitting Stance (Annun Sogi)

----

Walking Stance Outer Forearm High Side Block
(Gunnun So Bakat Palmok Nopunde Yop Makgi)

Front. View Side View

* 1. The fist reaches the eye level of the
defender.
2. The fist forms a triangle with the
shoulders.

Top View Baek View

----

Straight Fingertip Thrust (Sun Sonkut Tulgi)

Front View

Side View

----

Walking Stance Back Fist High Side Strike
(Gunnun So Dung Joomuk Nopunde Yop Taerigi)

Front View Side View

* 1. The forefist reaches the eye level of the
attacker.
2. The body becomes half facing the
opponent.
3. The fist becomes half facing the
opponent.

----

Walking Stance Outer Forearm High Wedging Block
(Gunnun So Bakat Palmok Nopunde Hechyo Makgi)

Side View

1. The distance between the fists is equal
to one shoulder width.
2. The fist reaches the same level as the
eyes of the defender.

----

Middle Front Snap Kick (Kaunde Apcha Busigi)

* 1. The ball of the foot is the attacking tool.
2. The attacking tool reaches the same
level as the solar plexus of the attacker.

----

Sitting Stance Knife-hand Side Strike
(Annun So Sonkal Yop Taerigi)

Side View

Front View

The body becomes flank facing the opponent.

----

Spot Turning (Gujari Dolgi)

Right walking stance toward D.

Left foot is moved on line CD.

Right foot is moved on line CD.

The stance has been changed into a left walking stance toward C.

Additional Techniques: Dan-Gun

2026-04-16T03:47:10Z

Haydn: Created page with "== ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN DAN-GUN == Walking Stance High Punch (Gunnun So Nopunde Jirugi) Front View Back View Side View + 1. The fist reaches the eye level of the attacker. 2. The fist is brought to the center of the attacker's body. ---- L-Stance Knife-hand Guarding Block (Niunja So Sonkal Daebi Makgi) Front View Side View * 1. Fingertip reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender. 2. Knife-hand becomes half facing the opponent. Back V..."

== ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN DAN-GUN ==

Walking Stance High Punch (Gunnun So Nopunde Jirugi)

Front View

Back View

Side View

+ 1. The fist reaches the eye level of the attacker.
2. The fist is brought to the center of the attacker's body.

----

L-Stance Knife-hand Guarding Block
(Niunja So Sonkal Daebi Makgi)

Front View

Side View

* 1. Fingertip reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender.
2. Knife-hand becomes half facing the opponent.

Back View Top View

----

L-Stance Twin Forearm Block (Niunja So Sang Palmok Makgi)

Front View

The fist of the side blocking forearm usually
reaches the same level as the shoulder of the
defender.

Top View

----

Walking Stance Forearm Rising Block
(Gunnun So Palmok Chukyo Makgi)

Side View

Front View

The forearm stays at the center of the
defender's forehead.

----

L- Stance Knife-hand Middle Side Strike
(Niunja So Sonkal Kaunde Yop Taerigi)

1. The Knife-hand reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender.
2. The body becomes half facing the opponent.

Side View

Additional Techniques: Chon-Ji

2026-04-16T03:42:23Z

Haydn: Created page with "== ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN CHON-JI == L-Stance (Niunja Sogi) ---- L-Stance Inner Forearm Middle Block (Niunja So An Palmok Kaunde Makgi) Top View * 1. The fist reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender. 2. The fist forms a triangle with the shoulders ---- Forward Step-Turning (Apuro Omgyo Didimyo Dolgi) Right walking stance toward D. Counter-clockwise turning Clockwise turning ---- Backward Step-Turning (Dwiro Omgyo Didimyo Dolgi) Righ..."

== ADDITIONAL TECHNIQUES FOR PATTERN CHON-JI ==

L-Stance (Niunja Sogi)

----

L-Stance Inner Forearm Middle Block
(Niunja So An Palmok Kaunde Makgi)

Top View

* 1. The fist reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender.
2. The fist forms a triangle with the shoulders

----

Forward Step-Turning (Apuro Omgyo Didimyo Dolgi)

Right walking stance toward D.

Counter-clockwise turning

Clockwise turning

----

Backward Step-Turning (Dwiro Omgyo Didimyo Dolgi)

Right walking stance toward D.

Clockwise turning

Counter-clockwise turning

Additional Techniques: Techniques for the Beginner or 10th Grade Holder

2026-04-16T03:39:10Z

Haydn: Created page with "== TECHNIQUES FOR THE BEGINNER OR 10TH GRADE HOLDER == '''IMPORTANT:''' Due to the distortion of distance apparent in photographs, the angle of the feet in stances may appear slightly out of position. The student, therefore, is encouraged to refer to the feet illustrations rather than the photograph itself. ---- Parallel stance ---- Sitting stance ---- Walking Stance (Gunnun Sogi) Front View ---- L-stance (Niunja Sogi) Back View ---- Stance (Sogi) Pa..."

== TECHNIQUES FOR THE BEGINNER OR 10TH GRADE HOLDER ==

'''IMPORTANT:'''
Due to the distortion of distance apparent in photographs, the angle of the
feet in stances may appear slightly out of position. The student, therefore, is
encouraged to refer to the feet illustrations rather than the photograph itself.

----

Parallel stance

----

Sitting stance

----

Walking Stance (Gunnun Sogi)

Front View

----

L-stance (Niunja Sogi)

Back View

----

Stance (Sogi)

Parallel Stance (Narani Sogi)

Side View

Front View

----

Parallel Ready Stance (Narani Junbi Sogi)

Front View Back View

Top View

----

Walking Stance (Gunnun Sogi)

Side View

Right Walking Stance

Left walking stance

Front View

----

Walking Stance Forearm Low Block
(Gunnun So Palmok Najunde Makgi)

Front View

Front View

Side View

* 1. The forearm reaches the same level as the lower abdomen of the defender.

2. The body becomes half facing the opponent.

----

Walking Stance Middle Front Punch
(Gunnun So Kaunde Ap Jirugi)

Front View
Front View

Side View Top View

1. The fist forms a vertical line with the toes.
2. The fist reaches the same level as the shoulder of the attacker.
3. The fist is brought to the center of the attacker's body.

----

Walking Stance Knife-hand Low Block
(Gunnun So Sonkal Najunde Makgi)

Front View Front View

* 1. The knife-hand reaches the same level
as the scrotum of the defender.

The body becomes half facing the
opponent

Back View

Top View

----

Walking Stance Inner Forearm Middle Block
(Gunnun So An Palmok Kaunde Makgi)

Front View Front View

Side View

Top View

1. The fist reaches the same level as the shoulder of the defender.
2. The body becomes half facing the opponent.
3. The forearm becomes full facing the opponent.

----

Stepping (Omkyo Didigi)

Stepping backward

Stepping forward

* 1. The body must always be half facing when stepping backward and forward.
2. Stepping is executed in an ontward curved line.
3. The knee of the stationary leg springs slightly up during the stepping motion.

----

Inside and Outside blocks
(An Makgi Wa Bakat Makgi)

Inside Block (An Makgi)

The block is executed at the opponent's inner forearm.

The block is executed at the opponent's inner tibia.

Outside Block (Bakat Makgi)

The block is executed at the opponent's outer forearm.

The block is executed at the opponent's outer tibia.

----